Medical Case Reports

Diabetes Case Reports

Diabetes Mellitus : Diabetes, it is a group of metabolic diseases in which involves high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas is not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. The three main types of diabetes mellitus:

·         Type 1- Insulin dependent

·         Type 2- Insulin independent

 Diabetes Insipidus: This condition is characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely dilute urine with reduction of fluid intake having no effect on the concentration of the urine. There are different types of DI, where each type involves a different set of causes.

        The most common type in humans is the neurological form, called Central DI (CDI), which involves a deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP), also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

       The second common type of DI is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), which is due to kidney or nephron dysfunction caused by an insensitivity of the kidneys or nephrons to ADH. DI can also be gestational, or caused by alcohol or some types of drug abuse. DI should not be confused with nocturia.